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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">La physiocratie dans l'Europe des Lumières : circulation et réception d'un modèle de réforme de l'ordre juridique et social</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Physiocracy in Europe of the Enlightenment : Movement and Reception of a Model of Reform of Legal and Social Order</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Physiocratie</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Europe</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lumières</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Absolutisme éclairé</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèle juridique et politique</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">Physiocracy</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Europe</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Enlightenment</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Enlightened Absolutism</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal and Political Model</dc:subject>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027508218">Physiocrates</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027343049">Mouvement des Lumières</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Au siècle des Lumières, la physiocratie constitue un paradigme attractif qui propose un modèle universel et original de réforme de la société d’Ancien Régime. À compter des années 1760, les idées portées par cette doctrine politique, économique et juridique circulent à travers tout le continent européen et sont accueillies avec plus ou moins d’attention par les souverains et les élites éclairées. Les propositions du mouvement emportent l’adhésion de certains grands d’Europe et suscitent l’enthousiasme de nombre d’intellectuels, diplomates et administrateurs étrangers. Ouverts à l’esprit du temps, plusieurs monarques et ministres de haut rang décident de recourir à la physiocratie dans le cadre de leurs réformes du droit commercial, de la fiscalité, de l’organisation du travail, de l’agriculture, de l’administration territoriale ou de l’instruction publique. De même, la théorie du despotisme légal conjuguée au triptyque jusnaturaliste « liberté, propriété, sûreté » offre un modèle propice à la régénération de l’État et à la reconnaissance des droits fondamentaux. Or, dans d’autres contrées européennes, la physiocratie est reçue avec scepticisme ou indifférence par certains princes, ministres ou penseurs souvent proches du pouvoir. Bien qu’en quête de solutions réformatrices, ces gouvernants ne recourent alors qu’avec parcimonie aux préceptes de l’école, quand ils ne les rejettent pas purement et simplement au prétexte de leurs effets pernicieux pour l’ordre social traditionnel.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">During the Age of the Enlightenment, physiocracy established an attractive paradigm which proposed an original and universal model of reform of society under the Ancien Régime. From the 1760s onwards, the ideas carried by this political, economic and legal doctrine spread across the entire continent of Europe and attracted the attention to a greater or lesser extent of sovereigns and the enlightened elites of the day. What the movement proposed had the support of a number of crowned heads and aroused the enthusiasm of many of intellectuals, diplomats and foreign administrators. Certain monarchs and ministers were very much open to the spirit of the time and they decided to use physiocracy within the framework of their reforms of commercial law, taxation, the organization of labour, agriculture, territorial administration or education. Indeed, the theory of legal despotism combined with the three natural rights of “liberty, property and security” offered a suitable model for the regeneration of the State and the recognition of fundamental rights. Yet in some European countries, physiocracy was greeted with scepticism or indifference by other princes, ministers and thinkers who were often close to those in power. Although these rulers were looking for reformist solutions, they resorted only sparingly to the precepts of the school, when they didn’t reject them outright, the pretext being the pernicious effects of such precepts on traditional social order.</dcterms:abstract>
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