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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">40 ans de changement des communautés végétales à l'échelle régionale : cas des landes et des prairies du Massif Armoricain</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Forty years of change in plant communities on a regional scale: the case of the heathlands and grasslands of the Armorican massif</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Changements temporels</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conservation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ecologie des communautés</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Flore</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Habitats agropastoraux</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rééchantillonnage</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agropastoral habitats</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Community ecology</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Conservation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Flora</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Resampling</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Temporal changes</dc:subject>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="16788512X">Assemblage des communautés (écologie)</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="032313217">Biodiversité -- Conservation des ressources</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027229114">Associations végétales</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="033218730">Rééchantillonnage (statistique)</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="028650700">Habitat (écologie)</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les landes et les prairies sont des habitats agropastoraux particulièrement touchés par les changements d’usages des terres en Europe. Cette thèse analyse l’évolution des communautés végétales des landes et des prairies du Massif Armoricain (nord-ouest de la France). Cette étude est basée sur le rééchantillonnage de plus de 700 relevés floristiques historiques géolocalisés (1947-1998). Près de 30 % des landes et prairies historiquement échantillonnées ont disparu en raison de la déprise agricole, de la conversion en terres arables ou urbanisées. L’analyse diachronique des relevés floristiques met en évidence un déclin important de la diversité et de l’état de conservation des communautés végétales entre les périodes historique et contemporaine. Une proportion plus élevée d'espèces perdantes a été trouvée, principalement des taxons rares et typiques de l'habitat, tandis que les espèces gagnantes étaient principalement tolérantes aux perturbations et communes. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de fournir un diagnostic sur l’ampleur des changements de biodiversité à large échelle spatio-temporelle et de proposer une meilleure prise en compte de la biodiversité à l’échelle régionale aux différents acteurs du territoire.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Heathlands and grasslands are agropastoral habitats that have been particularly affected by land-use changes in Europe. Current knowledge about the factors driving these changes, their trends and the associated ecological responses remains insufficiently documented. This thesis analyses long-term changes in plant communities in heathlands and grasslands of the Armorican Massif (north-western France). The study is based on the resampling of over 700 geolocated historical floristic surveys conducted between 1947 and 1998. Analyses combine taxonomic and functional metrics from plant community ecology, as well as approaches based on beta diversity, dark diversity and the concept of a habitat-specific species pool. Nearly 30% of the historically surveyed heathlands and grasslands have disappeared due to agricultural abandonment, conversion to arable land or urbanisation. A diachronic analysis of the floristic surveys reveals a significant decline in both the diversity and vegetation conservation status of communities between the historical and contemporary periods. A higher proportion of loser species was found, mainly rare and habitat-typical taxa, whereas winner species were predominantly disturbance-tolerant and common. The results obtained have made it possible to diagnose the extent of changes in biodiversity on a broad spatiotemporal scale, and to propose that the various players in the region take greater account of biodiversity on a regional scale.</dcterms:abstract>
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