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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation du métabolisme des lipides et des acides gras dans la lignée cellulaire d'hépatomes humains HepaRG et étude de l'effet stéatosant de l'acide linoléique (C18:2 n-6) dans ce modèle</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Characterization of lipid and fatty acid metabolism in the human hepatoma HepaRG cells and study of hepatic steatosis induced by linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) in this model</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Acide linoléique</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">cellules HepaRG</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Stéatose hépatique non alcoolique, Métabolisme</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Acides gras</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lipides (biochimie)</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Métabolisme (biochimie pathologique)</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Besoins alimentaires</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Alimentation -- Recherche</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nutrition -- Maladie</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">Linoleic acid</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">HepaRG cells</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hepatic steatosis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Metabolism</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fatty acids</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Lipids (biochemistry)</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Metabolism (pathological biochemistry)</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Food requirements</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nutrition -- Research</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nutrition -- Disease</dc:subject><tef:sujetRameau><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="031747647">Acide linoléique</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="226802620">Stéatose hépatique non alcoolique</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027314812">Lipides -- Métabolisme</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="029631327">Acides gras</tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeSujet" autoriteExterne="027314863">Métabolisme</tef:subdivision>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027551334">Maladies de la nutrition</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le surpoids et l’obésité, en hausse constante à l’échelle mondiale, sont influencés par l’évolution des modes de vie et d’alimentation. Les acides gras polyinsaturés de la famille (n-6) ou oméga-6, et plus particulièrement l’acide linoléique (LA ; C18:2 n-6), semblent jouer un rôle central dans l’apparition de ces pathologies de surcharge. Consommé en excès via des sources alimentaires végétales, l’acide linoléique pourrait aussi aggraver les pathologies dysmétaboliques, comme la stéatose hépatique. Cet effet stéatosant du LA, correspondant à une accumulation excessive de triglycérides dans le foie, reste cependant mal compris et sujet à controverses. Cette thèse a donc exploré l’impact de l’acide linoléique sur la stéatose hépatique, en utilisant comme modèle la lignée cellulaire d’hépatomes humains HepaRG. Comparées aux hépatocytes humains en culture primaire pour le métabolisme des acides gras, les cellules HepaRG ont montré une déficience partielle en activité Δ6-désaturase, limitant la conversion de l’acide linoléique en acide arachidonique. Incubé de manière chronique avec les cellules, l’acide linoléique induit une accumulation marquée de triglycérides, résultant d’un captage supérieur, d’une β-oxydation diminuée et d’une sécrétion de triglycérides affectée, comparé à l’acide α-linolénique. Ces travaux ont confirmé l’effet stéatosant de l’acide linoléique et montré l’intérêt et les limites du modèle HepaRG pour étudier les mécanismes lipidiques. Ils soulignent aussi la nécessité d’établir des limites de consommation en acide linoléique, à approfondir par des études in vivo.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Overweight and obesity, which are on the rise worldwide, are influenced by changes in lifestyle and diet. Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the (n-6) or omega-6 family, and in particular linoleic acid (LA ; C18:2 n-6), appear to play a central role in the development of these obesity pathologies. Excessive intake of linoleic acid from plant sources could also aggravate dysmetabolic pathologies such as hepatic steatosis. This steatotic effect of LA, corresponding to an excessive accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, remains poorly understood and controversial. Therefore, this work investigated the effect of linoleic acid on hepatic steatosis using the human hepatoma cell line HepaRG as a model. Compared with human hepatocytes in primary culture for fatty acid metabolism, HepaRG cells showed a partial deficiency in Δ6-desaturase activity, limiting the conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. Chronically incubated with the cells, linoleic acid induced a marked accumulation of triglycerides due to superior uptake, decreased β-oxidation and impaired triglyceride secretion compared to α-linolenic acid. This work confirmed the steatotic effect of linoleic acid and demonstrated the interest and limitations of the HepaRG model for studying lipid mechanisms. It also highlights the need to establish intake limits for linoleic acid, to be further investigated by in vivo studies.</dcterms:abstract>
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