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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Evaluation du potentiel phytoremédiateur et stimulateur sur les plantes, et du devenir environnemental des oxydes de fer nanoparticulaires</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the phytoremediation and stimulatory potential on plants and the environmental fate of iron oxide nanoparticles</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">phytoremédiation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">nanoparticules d’oxyde de fer</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">éléments traces</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">adsorption</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">stress hydrique</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">phytoremediation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">iron oxide nanoparticles</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">trace elements</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">adsorption</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">water stress</dc:subject>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="050742396">Phytorestauration</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="190452072">Nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027610780">Éléments traces</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027754812">Adsorption</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Depuis l’essor des nanoparticules d’oxydes de fer (NPs-OxFe), leur application a rapidement été étendue à la gestion environnementale car leurs propriétés physico-chimiques leur confèrent une affinité spécifique pour l'adsorption des éléments traces. Dès lors, les recherches sur la nanoremédiation se sont accrues pour tenter d’améliorer les processus de phytoremédiation existants. La première partie de cette thèse étudie l’impact à long terme des NPs-OxFe sur une culture de tournesol dans un contexte de sol pollué par le plomb. Leur phytotoxicité, nanofertilisation, mobilité, ainsi que leur potentiel de nanoremédiation y sont examinés. Dans cette étude, nous montrons que les NPs-OxFe ne génèrent aucune phytotoxicité, réduisent le stress oxydatif et sont peu mobiles dans le sol. De plus, elles améliorent la phytoextraction du plomb tout en limitant le lessivage de celui-ci vers la solution du sol. Dans un second temps, des travaux étudiant l’effet sur les plantes d’un cocktail d’éléments traces associés à l’application de NPs-OxFe sont menés. Le cocktail de contaminants n’induit pas de phytotoxicité. La réponse des plantes  à l’exposition des NPs-OxFe se traduit par une augmentation de la biomasse végétale, une amélioration de la phytoextraction du cadmium et cuivre ainsi que de la réduction de l’accumulation de l’arsenic. L’ajout de NPs-OxFe enrobées à l’acide citrique induisent des effets similaires en toutes proportions à ceux des NPs-OxFe seules. À l’ensemble de ses résultats s’ajoute également une observation et quantification de l’amélioration de la tolerance au stress hydrique chez les plantes de tournesol traitées aux NPs-OxFe.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Since the development of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), their application has been rapidly extended to environmental management due to their physicochemical properties which give them a specific affinity for trace elements adsorption. Since then, research on nanoremediation has increased in an attempt to improve existing phytoremediation processes. The first part of this thesis studies the long-term impact of IONPs on a sunflower crop in a context of lead-polluted soil. Their phytotoxicity, nanofertilization, mobility and potential of nanoremediation are examined. In this study, we show that IONPs do not generate phytotoxicity, reduce oxidative stress and have low mobility in soil. Moreover, they improve lead phytoextraction while limiting its leaching into soil solution. In a second phase, work was carried out to study the effect on plants of a cocktail of trace elements associated with the application of IONPs. The cocktail of contaminants does not induce phytotoxicity. Plant response to IONPs exposure is reflected by increasing the plant biomass, improving cadmium and copper phytoextraction as well as reducing the accumulation of arsenic. The addition of IONPs coated with citric acid induces similar effects in all proportions to those of IONPs alone. In addition to all these results, we also observed and quantified the improvement of the tolerance to water stress in sunflower plants treated with IONPs.</dcterms:abstract>
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