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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Pharmaco-épidémiologie du mélanome métastatique : analyse des données du Système National des Données de Santé</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Pharmacoepidemiology of metastatic melanoma using the French Health Insurance database</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">mélanome métastatique</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Système National des Données de Santé</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">score de propension</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">interactions médicamenteuses</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">biais d’indication</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">metastatic melanoma</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">overlap weighting method</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">propensity score</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">indication bias</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">medicoadministrative database</dc:subject>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="02723925X">Mélanome</tef:elementdEntree>
					</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027758036">Métastases</tef:elementdEntree>
					</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="25482322X">Système national des données de santé</tef:elementdEntree>
					</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="083861807">Scores en médecine</tef:elementdEntree>
					</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027389391">Interactions médicamenteuses</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif de ce travail était de répondre à 3 questions de santé publique relatives aux traitements du mélanome métastatique développés ces dernières années (anti-PD-1, thérapies ciblées anti-BRAF/anti-MEK), en utilisant les données du système national des données de santé (SNDS). La 1ère étude visait à évaluer l’utilisation des traitements du mélanome métastatique en vie réelle. La cohorte incluait 10936 patients traités pour un mélanome métastatique en France entre 2010 et 2017. Les patients traités à partir de juin 2015 avaient un gain de survie de 44 % par rapport aux patients pris en charge avant 2012. La 2ème étude visait à évaluer l’impact des antibiotiques sur l’efficacité des anti-PD-1. De nombreuses études observationnelles ont suggéré une efficacité altérée des anti-PD-1 en cas de dysbiose intestinale induite par l’antibiothérapie. L’antibiothérapie n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,01 IC95% 0,88-1,17) ou la durée de traitement par anti-PD-1 (HR=1,00 IC95% 0,89-1,11). La 3ème étude évaluait l’efficacité des thérapies ciblées en cas de prise concomitante d’inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP). Les IPP peuvent diminuer l’absorption des traitements oraux, et sont contre-indiqués avec l’anti-BRAF dabrafenib. La prise d’IPP n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,11 IC95% 0,88-1,39) ni à la durée de traitement par thérapie ciblée (HR=1,03 IC95% 0,86-1,24). Une méthode d’overlap weighting basée sur le score de propension permettait de contrôler le biais d’indication. La principale limite était l’absence de certaines informations cliniques, notamment la réponse tumorale et certains facteurs pronostiques. Le SNDS permet d’aborder des questions qui ne peuvent l’être dans un essai randomisé, comme l’impact des interactions médicamenteuses ou l’efficacité des traitements en présence de certaines comorbidités, sous réserve d’utiliser une méthodologie prenant en compte les facteurs de confusion.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Our aim was to address clinical and policy-relevant questions related to the efficacy of metastatic melanoma treatments (anti-PD-1 antibodies, targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors), using the French Health Insurance database, which is exhaustive nationwide. First, we included 10936 patients who received treatment for metastatic melanoma in France between 2010 and 2017. Patients treated from June 2015 gained 44% overall survival compared with patients initiating treatment before 2012. Second, we investigated the impact of antibiotics on anti-PD-1 antibody efficacy. Numerous observational studies have suggested an impaired efficacy of immunotherapy among patients with antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. Antibiotic treatment was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.01, 95%CI 0.88-1.17) or treatment duration with anti-PD-1 antibodies (HR=1.00, 95%CI 0.89-1.11). Third, we investigated the impact of the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and targeted therapy. PPI can reduce the absorption of oral drugs, and are therefore contraindicated in patients receiving dabrafenib. PPI use was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.11, 95%CI 0.88-1.39) or treatment duration with BRAF inhibitor (HR=1.03, 95%CI 0.86-1.24). An overlap weighting method based on the propensity score was used to control for indication bias. The main limitation was the lack of clinical information, including tumour response and some prognostic factors. With real-world data, many issues regarding treatment efficacy that cannot be addressed in randomized controlled trials can be explored, including interactions with drugs or comorbidities, provided that a methodology enabling confounders to be controlled for is used.</dcterms:abstract>
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       <tef:nom>Poizeau</tef:nom>
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