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    <title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Sentence comprehension deficits in aphasia : additional insights from impairment-specific assessment / Sandra Hanne]]></string></title>
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    <description>
        <string language="fre"><![CDATA[Sentence comprehension deficits in aphasia : additional insights from impairment-specific assessment / Sandra Hanne. In "Perspectives neuropsycholinguistiques sur l'aphasie - NeuroPsychoLinguistic Perspectives on Aphasia", colloque international organisé par l'Unité de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Octogone de l'Université Toulouse II-Le Mirail (France). Toulouse, 21-23 juin 2012.Theoretical
background Despite
good performances in oral comprehension of single words and
irreversible sentences, comprehension of semantically reversible
non-canonical and complex sentences can cause enormous difficulties
in adults with aphasia (Mitchum & Berndt, 2008). As these
impairments affect specific syntactic structures (Grodzinsky, 2000)
and occur across various syndrome classifications (Dronkers et al.,
2004), standardized aphasia batteries often fail to detect them.
However, sentence comprehension deficits can have a considerable
impact on participation in everyday life (WHO, 2001). Following this,
sensitive and in-depth tasks are required in order to tap the
underlying (syntactic) deficit, which is a prerequisite for
impairment-specific treatment.
Goal The
objective is to present data from individuals with aphasia
investigated with an in-depth assessment tool for sentence
comprehension using sentence-picture matching. The sentence
comprehension test (Burchert et al., 2011) systematically comprises
syntactic structures, which have been shown to be vulnerable to
comprehension impairments.
Method We
report a case series study including 5 individuals with aphasia
(38-74 years; 5-18 years post-onset), all native speakers of German,
classified as Broca (n=3) and amnesic (n=2). Participants had a
unilateral lesion in their dominant hemisphere, reduced memory span
and good performances in auditory discrimination and single-word
comprehension. The sentence comprehension test included irreversible
sentences (long, short), reversible canonical (SVO, SRC) and
non-canonical sentence structures (OVS, ORC). SVO and OVS sentences
contained either number- or case-marking cues, whereas relative
clauses (SRC, ORC) were divided into right-branching and embedded
structures. Thus, canonicity
effects,
the influence of morpho-syntactic
variables
and syntactic
complexity effects
can be investigated selectively.
Results According
to the standardized test battery (AAT, Huber et al., 1983) language
comprehension seemed relatively intact (see percentiles in table 1).
However, results of the sentence comprehension test showed severe
impairments as well as considerable heterogeneity in performances of
the 5 participants (see table 1). Whereas all individuals performed
well on irreversible and reversible SVO sentences (above chance;
within the normal range), accuracy dramatically declined for OVS
structures; reflecting a canonicity
effect.
Comprehension of RCs was impaired in all 5 participants and a more
specific canonicity effect was observed for right-branching RCs for 2
participants (P4, P5). Finally, these participants also showed a
syntactic
complexity effect,
with decreased performance on embedded SRCs as compared to
right-branching SRCs.
Conclusion The
present study indicates that adults with aphasia can have specific
deficits in oral sentence comprehension even though their syndrome
classification and percentiles in standardized aphasia batteries do
not reveal any such severe impairment in comprehension. Furthermore,
the results give insights into the selectivity of syntactic
comprehension deficits and their heterogeneous manifestations across
single cases. This enunciates the clinical importance of sensitive
tools assessing sentence comprehension in order to develop
evidence-based treatment programs.]]></string></description>
    <keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[langage et langues (compréhension)]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[tests diagnostiques]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[déficit cognitif]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[troubles du langage]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[aphasie]]></string></keyword>
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            <date><dateTime>2012-06-22</dateTime></date>
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NOTE:Sandra Hanne est doctorante et assistante de recherches au sein du&nbsp;Centre of Excellence Cognitive Sciences&nbsp;au&nbsp;Department of Linguistics&nbsp; de l'Université de Potsdam (Allemagne).&gt; Voir sa page personnelle (Univ. Postdam).&nbsp;
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